ISABELE PEREIRA TANNOUS
Abstract:
Dengue fever is a disease transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, characterized as an acute febrile disease, etiologically viral, of distinct severity and currently an important public health problem. The disease shows a seasonal pattern and presents higher rates of cases during the first five months of the year in Brazil, a period considered hotter and humid, typical of tropical climates. High temperatures, humidity and rainy seasons are key factors that help in the multiplication and diffusion of the dengue vector. The aims of this study were to survey the dengue incidence in the city of Jataí, state of Goiás, to map the regions with focus of transmission, to identify possible climate factors that influence the occurrence of the disease and to evaluate the socioeconomic profile of the population studied from notified and confirmed dengue cases in the period from 2014 to 2016. It was possible to verify that, in Jataí, there were repeated recurrences of dengue cases, with a growing number of cases reported during the years evaluated. The central sector of the city of Jataí, stood out with the highest number of dengue notifications during three years, showing cases during all months of the year, with peaks between February and May. The meteorological data demonstrate that the rainy season, the temperature and the relative humidity of the air, influence directly the increase of the dengue incidence. Regarding the epidemiological profile of the dengue cases in the city of Jataí, it was possible to identify a higher prevalence of the disease in female individuals, literate and in the group with ages ranging from 20 to 39 years old. Likewise, it was verified that the majority of the cases are classified as classical dengue and tend to progress to hemorrhagic dengue fever. The most commonly used tests to confirm diagnosis were NS1 antigen screening and IgM serology. In the three years analyzed, only the serotypes DENV-1 and DENV-4 were isolated in the city. The study showed several dengue breeding sites, especially a large amount of trash and rubble in the residences and in inhabited areas of the city, a considerable factor for the increase in the number of dengue cases, which infers the population's negligence and lack of awareness in relation to the disease severity.
